8. West Kalimantan Province: leprosy colonies - www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

West Kalimantan Province:

Leprosy Hospital and colonies are located at Singkawang district.

8.1  Alverno leprosy hospital.

The hospital belongs to Keuskupan Agung Pontianak (Catholic church at Pontianak), situated about 3 kms from Singkawang the capital Kabupaten and 145 kms from Pontianak the capital of West Kalimantan province.

A –120 beds leprosy hospital was erected in 1925 caters for leprosy patients. Since last 3 years trend number of patients admitted decreased year by year. Total number of patients 134 (99), 54 (00), and 45 (01) or BOR is to be 112% (99), 45%(00) and 31% (01). Similarly trend of the clinical attendance at the OPD is significantly decreased from total of 1,895 in 1999 to 1,535 in 2001 or average 7 per day to 5 per day. At present the OPD is not only cater for leprosy but also 
for general disease. Dr H. Sumardi heads the hospital. There are 4 paramedics to run the OPD and In-patient departments. There is no physiotherapist but there is a trained paramedic to handle physiotherapy 

activities. The hospital can produce footwear and prosthesis for the need of leprosy patients. According to hospital regulation after completion of necessary cares in the IPD, they should be discharged from the hospital. In reality, many patients did not want to go back as the family and community reject them. In such situation the hospital should find ways to solve the problems. Then the hospital with donors established 3 leprosy villages or settlements i.e  Pakunam, Hok Lo Nam and Roban settlements.

8.2  Pakuan leprosy settlement.

There are 53 ex-leprosy patients live in this settlement within 29 couples. Total number of non-leprosy (healthy couples and the children of the leprosy patients) live in this compound are 23. Therefore proportion of ex-leprosy patients is 70%.
3. Hok Lok Nam leprosy settlement.

There are 15 ex-leprosy patients live in this settlement within 5 couples. Total number of non-leprosy (healthy couples and the children of the leprosy patients) live in this compound are 7. Therefore proportion of ex-leprosy patients is 68%.
4. Roban leprosy settlement.

There are 17 ex-leprosy patients live in this settlement within 9 couples. Total number of non-leprosy (healthy couples and the children of the leprosy patients) live in this compound are 36. Therefore proportion of ex-leprosy patients is 32%.

All three settlements are under supervision of Alverno hospital. Naturally the inhabitants have in a self-reliance status. Sources of income are from donors (accidentally) and from their own productions cultivating the land of the settlements.

go to leprosy colony

go to leprosy hospital

go to leprosy control

go to main menu

Leprosy Colony Definition of Term www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

    Leprosy hospitals are defined and included from the list which was issued by the government of Indonesia, “The roles of Leprosy Hospital to increase the quality of health services and endeavors on leprosy patients management, Ministry oh Health, Sitanala Leprosy Hospital 1986” (Peranan Rumah Sakit Kusta Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Dan Upaya Penanggulangan Penyakit Kusta, Depkes, Rumah Sakit Kusta Sitanala, 1986) 
   There where three categories of the leprosy hospital i.e central government, provincial and district. The ownership could be the government or private.

   Leprosy colony is defined for the old settlements erected, leprosy villages surrounding the leprosy hospitals or leprosy re-settlements that are far away from the hospitals. 

go to leprosy colony

go to leprosy hospital

go to leprosy control

go to main menu

Leprosy Colonies Leprosy Hospital Background www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

It was reported that Leprosy Control had been introduced since the era of Dutch occupation in Indonesia. There was no specific drugs for treatment at that time. The endeavours were started with collecting the leprosy patients, put them in the temporary settlements for isolation and general treatment. The purpose of isolation was also to protect the transmission of the disease and for the social economic aids. It was a fact that many leprosy patients were found through out the country. The authorithy then established many permanent settlements and leprosaria (leprosy colonies).

After the independence of Indonesia, the government established the institution for leprosy control programme and started with mono DDS for its treatment. Encouraging the management of leprosy patients by upgrading the settlements (leprosy colony), establish special clinics and also erected some leprosy hospitals

After years many patients has been hospitalized then the government found difficulties to send them back to their homes. It was happened due to the high stigma and leprophobia amongst the community. The hospital became overcrouded due to social problems.

The government is aware of the complexity of leprosy problems, which is not only in medical part but include socio-economic problems. The Ministry of Health alone cannot solve these problems. Therefore the government established Intersectoral Board to handle leprosy problems compherehensively in 1979. The government through the Intersectoral Board, instructs that the leprosy problems should be handled comprehensively. The members of this board consist of Ministry of Home Affairs, Social Affairs, Ministry of Health, Ministry of Information, Ministry of Transmigration, Ministry of Education and Culture and Ministry of Religion. The member roles of the Intersectoral Board were formulated and evaluated periodically. In reality, the Intetrsectoral Board was not function well as expected.

Since the introduction of MDT programme in Indonesia many leprosy patients has been cured. The registered prevalence rate has been fallen down from year to year and on July 2000, Indonesia has achieved elimination of leprosy national wide (registered prevalence rate less tahn 1/10,000 pop).  

After decades of the leprosy control programme, it is important to know, how is the situation of leprosy colonies/settlement/leprosy hospital today?  To describe the situation, the inventory of Leprosy colonies /Settlements, Leprosy Hospitals has been conducted in 2003.

go to leprosy colony

go to leprosy hospital

go to leprosy control

go to main menu

Leprosy Colonies in Indonesia www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

Leprosy colony atau leprosaria atau leprosy settlement atau disebutnya juga perkampungan kusta sudah ada sejak zaman penjajahan Belanda. Sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman setelah Indonesia merdeka, pembinaan leprosy colony dilakukan oleh Subdirektorat Rumah Sakit Khusus Direktorat Jenderal Bina Pelaynana Medik. Rujukan medik utama bagi orang yang sakit kusta atau orang yang pernah mengalami kusta dari leprosy colony adalah Rumah Sakit Kusta (RSK). Dalam kebijakan Pemerintah, Rumah Sakit Umum (RSU) juga merupakan rujukan medik bagi comunitas leprosy colony. Departemen Sosial juga merupakan instansi yang terlibat dalam pembinaan leprosy colony.

Setelah berpuluh-puluh tahun keberdaan leprosy colony di Indonesia, bagimana keadaannya sekarang, maka pada tahun 2003 dilakukan inventarisasi leprosy colony di Indonesai. Saya Dr. Yamin Hasibuan telah melakukan inventarisasi tersebut pada tahun 2003 yang disponsori oleh Netherlands Leprosy Relief-NLR Indonesia. Hasil dari inventarisasi itu telah dimuat dalam CD-interactive dengan judul "Treading Down Memory Lane With People Affected By Leprosy". Bagaimana isi dari CD-interctive itu, saya mencoba memuat bagian dari CD tersebut dalam blogspot ini. Untuk mendapat informasi yang lengkap mengenai leprosy colony di Indonesia silahkan klik Leprosy Colony. 

9. Pulau Sicanang Leprosy Hospital, leprosy colony www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

Pulau Sicanang Leprosy Hospital, 2003

General information

In the Governor decree no 144, 1982 it is stated that this institution is defined as a leprosy hospital, with a status of  the Provincial Health Services operation unit. Therefore, this institution belongs to the provincial government. It is located about 10 km away from Deli Serdang District (Sei Rampah) and 28 km from Medan. P.Sicanang leprosy hospital was erected in 1914.
A 200-bed hospital caters for leprosy from North Sumatera but mainly from the neighbor of Aceh Province. There is a small possibility that the hospital will be turned into a general hospital, but that depends on the Provincial Government

Since economic crisis in Indonesia the hospital become under utilize. The bed occupancy was only 17.9% in 2000. At present there are 36 leprosy patients admitted to hospital (16 PB, 20 MB). To maximize to utilization of the hospital, some months ago they starting to diversify to cater for non leprosy patients. The hospital has one general doctor (the director), one physiotherapist, one shoemaker and one prosthetic maker. There were no surgeon, dermatologist and ophthalmologists working in the hospital.

Several years ago the hospital was fully occupied by the leprosy patients. Some of them didn’t want to go back home although they have been declared cured (RFT) and no medical indication anymore to stay longer in the hospital. The number of patients with social problems increased year by year. Therefore the hospital had to find way to solve this problems. Then a leprosy village was erected surrounding the hospital is a place for ex-leprosy patients with social problems in 1916.

Leprosy colony:

Leprosy colony is called Leprosy Village or leprosy settlement, situated surrounding the hospital.

At the beginning, the settlement has 1510 hectares of land, but now it is remaining 180 hectares. Total inhabitants are 399 (222 ex-leprosy patients and 177 healthy people). The settlement is subordinated to the Sicanang Leprosy Hospital. The proportion of ex-leprosy patients of total inhabitants is 57%. The government donates the ex-leprosy patients rations one pack per month per person which is consists of rice 10 kg, sugar 2 kg, salt 1 kg, kerosene 2 liters, soap 4, and tea 2 boxes. The child age of ex-leprosy patients get ½ pack. Since 1985, there will be no more additional ration for newly admitted ex-leprosy patients. Additional incomes derive from the result of cultivating the land such as shrimp breeding, fishery, paddy, and vegetables. 

back to leprosy hospital

go to leprosy control

go to leprosy colony

go to main menu

2. Definition of Term - www.dryaminleprosy.blogspot.com

       Leprosy hospitals are defined and included from the list which was issued by the government of Indonesia, “The roles of Leprosy Hospital to increase the quality of health services and endeavors on leprosy patients management, Ministry of Health, Sitanala Leprosy Hospital 1986” (Peranan Rumah Sakit Kusta Dalam Meningkatkan Mutu Pelayanan Kesehatan Dan Upaya Penanggulangan Penyakit Kusta, Depkes, Rumah Sakit Kusta Sitanala, 1986) . There were three categories of the leprosy hospital i.e central government, provincial and district. The ownership could be the government or private.

Leprosy colony is defined for the old settlements erected, leprosy villages surrounding the leprosy hospitals or leprosy re-settlements that are far away from the hospitals. 

back to leprosy hospital

go to leprosy control

go to leprosy colony

go to main menu